At that time, the moths, normally white with black speckles, known as the peppered variety, became less common than the solid black variety. After rearing five additional generations of the mice on this new food, the two groups are assessed for how efficiently this new food is digested. A mixture of ribonucleotides such as adenine and uracil will spontaneously form single-stranded chains of RNA . White circle, grey circle and black circle. Cells with mitochondria were able to utilize metabolic energy more efficiently. Select the best alternate hypothesis to support this claim. There is no difference in iridium levels in sediments that were deposited on Earth 3.6 billion years old, compared to recent sediments. WebIt is Monday morning, May 13, and you will be taking the AP Biology Exam. Over time, populations A and B developed into two distinct species. Which of the following best predicts why the recombinant bacteria will fail to produce the eukaryotic protein? Start each population with genetically identical bacterial cells from a single culture to make sure that the initial genetic variation in all of the populations was exactly the same. These building blocks combined to form polymers, such as crude proteins. Many of these species rely on pollinators that migrate based on changes in day length and the position of the Sun. A. Humans and mice have the same number of chromosomes. A. Models of a prokaryote, first eukaryotic common ancestor, and last eukaryotic common ancestor. If sediment layers that are 3.6 billion years old are tested, they will contain relatively high iridium levels, because that is when many meteorites crashed into the Earth. Assuming that the population is in HardyWeinberg equilibrium, which of the following is the expected frequency of individuals with the genotype MNMN? Immigration of individuals from Metro Manila into the two populations. A group of researchers claim that chance events play an important role in the evolution of populations. Some scientists propose that due to human activity and climate change, a sixth mass extinction has already begun. Students created a model showing one possible mechanism for speciation in which a geographic barrier separated one large population into two smaller populations, A and B. AP Biology Past Exam Questions AP Central | College A population geneticist is conducting an investigation on a population of mice. Which of the following best predicts why the recombinant bacteria will fail to produce the eukaryotic protein? Ca2+^{2+}2+, The following elements are among the five most abundant by mass in the Earth's crust, seawater, and atmosphere except, (a) oxygen Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. D. Bacteria and eukaryotes use different mRNA codons for the same amino acids during translation. Cells with nuclear membranes were better able to protect their genetic material against damage. The M4 and M5 populations have the lowest genetic diversity of all populations. D. Cattle and sheep are separated by only one node, and they are separated from the other organisms by more than one node. False. The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Find an equation of the tangent plane to the given surface at the specified point. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Which of the following statements best predicts the result of a comparison between the fossils found before and after the period of rapid change? The distance the horses ran became shorter between 1880 and 1940. Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population? Given aerobic conditions and large amounts of lightning, amino acids will spontaneously form crude proteins. Can the voltage across a battery's terminals be higher than the battery's rated voltage? To prevent the loss of genes as chromosome ends wear down during DNA replication, the tips of eukaryotic chromosomes have specialized DNA "caps" called telomeres. C. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA. Because the mice are highly inbred, they are essentially identical to one another. Scientists claim that some of the populations in Marion County are at an increased risk of decline or extinction. The researchers wish to increase the reliability of their experimental observations before investigating new claims that chemotherapy-resistant tumors are an example of continuing evolution. WebClick the card to flip . By 1940, most genetic variation for speed had been lost from the gene pool. D. The two populations will not show any differences because they originated from the same gene pool. At this same instant, the disk is spinning at a constant rate 2=4rad/s\omega_2=4 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}2=4rad/s, measured relative to the rod. The MC1RD allele is not responsible for dark coat color in the Carrizozo population, so the dark coat color is likely a result of convergent evolution. A. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis? Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. D. Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. A scientist is studying the impact of mutagens on genetic variation in mice. A captive population of cheetahs kept in a confined area will have a greater risk of contracting and passing on a virus. The presence of MC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks. C. Black Circle, grey box, and white triangle. WebAP BIO COLLEGE BOARD UNIT 7 4.9 (42 reviews) Geologic events such as mountain building can directly affect biodiversity. A famous study from the nineteenth century involves the peppered moth, Biston betularia, commonly found in Great Britain and Ireland. Scientists studying the fossils observed patterns of changing shell shape in the mollusks. D. There is a progression of cellular organization in organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Both the larger population and the isolated population were maintained under identical conditions and allowed to mate randomly for another 20 generations. B. Specimen 2 The increased air pollution of the nineteenth century due to the use of coal led to a darkening of surfaces from soot. PPC#7A Answers.pdf - AP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Population B was separated for a longer time from the original population than population A was, and population B evolved into a more distinct new species than population A did. Telomeres consist of hundreds or thousands of repeats of the same short DNA sequence, which varies between organisms. Image courtesy of Pixabay Facts about the test: The AP Biology exam has 60 multiple choice questions and you will be given 1 hour Which of the following best predicts why the recombinant bacteria will fail to produce the eukaryotic protein? The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. C. Set up a new experiment in which these insects are sprayed with two different insecticides to see if they are more effective than Insecticides #1 and #2. A dark coat color provides camouflage to mice on the lava flow rocks; therefore, mice with dark coats have a lower predation rate in that habitat. The MC1RD allele is not responsible for dark coat color in the Carrizozo population, so the dark coat color is likely a result of convergent evolution. (a) Determine the reduction in pressure (below atmospheric pressure of stationary air) that accompanies this wind. AP Biology Unit 7 Evolution MCQ Questions 1.pdf - AP D. The animals in population A mate at different times of year, causing their gametes to be incompatible with those from animals in populations B, C, and D. B. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Mollusk fossils were excavated and collected from a coastal cliff. Which statement below best states an alternative hypothesis Fox could have used to frame his research? The model is shown in Figure 1. B. If the gage reads a pressure differential of 4kPa4\ \mathrm{kPa}4kPa, find the flow rate of ammonia through the pipe, and the average flow velocity. In addition to the ABO blood groups, humans have an MN blood type system in which the M and N alleles are codominant to one another. The researchers wish to increase the reliability of their experimental observations before investigating new claims that chemotherapy-resistant tumors are an example of continuing evolution. A scientist believes that the first organic molecules may have come to Earth on meteorites 3.6 billion years ago. They found that although all 12 populations were exposed to the same environmental pressures, each population had differentiated from one another genetically after 10,000 generations. A. Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species. Even though there are numerous mountains in the region, the climate on the mountains is too cold for the lizards to survive. B. In the preceding exercise, if the stick is moving in a direction along its length (like a properly thrown spear), how long will you measure its length to be? Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? C. Gene flow between populations A and B maintained sufficient variation in both gene pools to facilitate the development of two distinct species. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Mollusk fossils were excavated and collected from a coastal cliff. Convergent evolution, because these organisms do not share a recent common ancestor. Which of the following best predicts the impact on the lizard species if there is a gradual increase in the average temperatures found in both the lowlands and mountains in this region? Start each population with a different species of bacteria to determine whether the same environment has an effect on genetic differentiation. A. The original habitat had many available unoccupied ecological niches that were colonized by populations of the original species. Numbers above 0.125 indicate a high degree of relatedness. John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis. Which of the following statements includes a reasonable refinement that researchers could use in repeating the experiment? Cattle and sheep are separated by only one node, and they are separated from the other organisms by more than one node. WebAP Biology Unit 7 MCQ B Term 1 / 18 Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains? There is no difference in iridium levels in sediments that were deposited on Earth 3.6 billion years old, compared to recent sediments. The model is shown in Figure 1. The scientists identified a period of stability or stasis, followed by rapid change, and then stasis again with regard to shell shape. D. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. Over time, populations A and B developed into two distinct species. Image courtesy of Pixabay. However, an additional mutation in the black allele changed it from a dominant to a recessive allele at the turn of the twentieth century, leading to a return to the dominance of the original peppered variety. After rearing five additional generations of the mice on this new food, the two groups are assessed for how efficiently this new food is digested. C. Random mating within each population Which of the following is an alternative hypothesis that can be tested to support the RNA World Hypothesis? They found that although all 12 populations were exposed to the same environmental pressures, each population had differentiated from one another genetically after 10,000 generations. Which of the following best explains the mechanism that caused this speciation event in the giant kangaroo rats of population A? A. Which of the following would most likely represent the types of individuals found in one of the species resulting from shape becoming a prezygotic isolating mechanism in the initial population represented in Figure 1 ? Which of the following best describes what occurred during the periods indicated by the arrows? A. Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part B Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following is closest to the frequency of the MC1RDMC1RD allele in the Tule Mountain population? Explain. C. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA. If a fire caused the surface of the ground in the habitat of the species to become darker in color, which of the following claims about the impact on the allele frequencies in this population is most reasonable? Unit 7 MCQ Flashcards | Quizlet Scientists claim that some of the populations in Marion County are at an increased risk of decline or extinction. B. A population of the species has the following allele frequencies: B=0.85 and b=0.15. C. Start each population with bacterial cells that have different genotypes to make sure there is enough genetic variation for selection to occur. Thoroughbred race horses are subject to intense artificial selection to produce faster-running horses. WebAP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part A 2. Some scientists propose that due to human activity and climate change, a sixth mass extinction has already begun. Figure 1 describes a possible scenario, known as the RNA World Hypothesis, that could have led to the evolution of our modern-day genetic material. Most of the species found in the first static period will be absent in the second static period. Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. Cattle are equally related to pigs and sheep, because the phylogeny places cattle between pigs and sheep. There are autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. B. AP Bio 5.7 Multiple Choice Questions | Fiveable Biology Practice Exam - College Board Dark color is selected for in mice from the West, Mid, and East populations. C. The species will experience a genetic bottleneck, and sympatric speciation will result in the development of several new species. n addition to the ABO blood groups, humans have an MN blood type system in which the M and N alleles are codominant to one another. Click the card to flip Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, A dark coat color provides camouflage to mice on the lava flow rocks; therefore, mice with dark coats have a lower predation rate in that habitat. C. If a sediment layer that is 3.6 billion years old is tested, it will contain organic material. Human activities can drive changes in ecosystems that affect the risk of extinction. Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. AP Bio Unit 7 | Biology Quiz - Quizizz Scientists are concerned that the lowlands will become much warmer by the end of the twenty-first century and will become unsuitable for this lowland lizard species. Cattle and sheep are separated by only one node, and they are separated from the other organisms by more than one node. Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments? Click the card to The darker backgrounds conferred a selective advantage to the black variety, as described by natural selection. B. B. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA. White circle, white box, and white triangle. Continue treating the three insect populations with the same insecticides and determine whether their efficiencies decline significantly after several generations. Formation of crude proteins occurs by chance and occurs regardless of atmospheric O2O2 levels or available free energy. Students used an online database, which used the structure of catalase from different species, to generate the phylogenetic tree shown in Figure 1. One facet of the study of the origin of life focuses on the nature of the first genetic material. Which of the following best predicts why humans and mice have identical telomeric repeat sequences? A. Migration of individuals between the Isabela and Butuan populations To test their claim, they monitored 12 populations of E. coli for 10,000 generations under the same environmental conditions. Based on the information provided in the figure, which of the following best describes how membrane-bound organelles provided unique evolutionary advantages to the last eukaryotic common ancestor? After the 20 generations, DNA sequencing was used to determine the genetic composition of each population. Absence of selection C. The group of mice fed the mutagen will show a greater ability to digest the food, because the higher genetic variation within the group makes it more likely that some individuals will have a combination of genes better adapted to the new food. 2023 AP Bio Unit 7 Review | Free Reviews, Study Guides, & Notes The density of air is I.29kg/m3\mathrm{I} .29 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^3I.29kg/m3. B. B. Which of the following best explains the impact of these new selective pressures on the organisms involved? Introns must be removed from eukaryotic DNA before the gene is inserted into the plasmid. Which of the following represents an alternate hypothesis tested by this experiment with regard to the population sizes of Henslow's sparrows? Which of the following represents an alternate hypothesis tested by this experiment with regard to the population sizes of Henslow's sparrows? Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. The two populations will show significant genetic differences because the founder effect will result in significant losses in diversity in the smaller population. Facts about the test: The AP Biology exam has 60 multiple choice questions and you will be given 1 hour Iridium is an element that is rare on Earth but commonly found in meteorites. If a fire caused the surface of the ground in the habitat of the species to become darker in color, which of the following claims about the impact on the allele frequencies in this population is most reasonable? C. Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5-TTAGGG-35-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres. \end{gathered} Whales, bony fishes, and cartilaginous fishes all have similar adaptations that enable them to live in the ocean. The model is shown in Figure 1. D. Increased population sizes over time in the Isabela population, but no change in the Butuan population, B. Determine the amount T(C)\Delta T\left({ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)T(C) by which the two bars would need to be uniformly heated to bring the holes in the two bars into alignment. D. The lizards will hybridize with a different lizard species that is adapted to a warmer environment, leading to increased genetic variation in the species. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. (d) aluminum. d) releasing chemicals that begin to break down food in the mouth. C. The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced. The SinoHimalayan fern, Lepisorus clathratus is widely distributed on the QinghaiTibetan plateau. A. Which of these would be an appropriate null hypothesis to test related to whether meteorites hit the Earth 3.6 billion years ago? Which of the following best predicts why humans and mice have identical telomeric repeat sequences? A famous study from the nineteenth century involves the peppered moth, Biston betularia, commonly found in Great Britain and Ireland. D. By 1940, most genetic variation for speed had been lost from the gene pool. A group of scientists found that in one population the frequency of the M allele was 0.82, and the frequency of the N allele was 0.18. Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following would most affect the allelic frequencies of the populations on Isabela and Butuan? C. The original habitat contained many predators, and the species diversified in order to avoid extinction. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Which of the following statements best predicts the result of a comparison between the fossils found before and after the period of rapid change? A scientist wishes to provide experimental evidence to support the model shown in Figure 1 by demonstrating the ability to synthesize an RNA molecule. The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D. Which of the following best explains the relationship between coat color and predation rate in the rock pocket mouse population on the lava flow rocks with respect to the different coat color phenotypes? The scientists identified a period of stability or stasis, followed by rapid change, and then stasis again with regard to shell shape. (b) Explain why some roofs are "blown outward" during high winds. Scientists want to determine the age of | Course Hero. Are the following statements true or false? D. Populations with low genetic diversity are more likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures. If the environment for the plant species becomes too warm, the pollinators will no longer migrate to that area in the spring, continuing on to a more northern environment instead. Which of the following best explains the phenotypic pattern in the moths over time? By 1940, most genetic variation for speed had been lost from the gene pool. Ap Classroom Unit 7 Progress Check Mcq Answers Ap Bio C. Restriction enzymes in the cytoplasm of the bacteria degrade linear DNA. The results of breeding programs can be seen in the change in winning times of the Kentucky Derby from 1880 to the present, as shown in Figure 1. Determine the velocity and acceleration of point PPP on the disk at this instant. D. Controlled fires in counties 4 and 5 will lead to an increase in the sparrow population. D. During the last few decades, tall buildings have been built around the woodlot, and species 3, 4, and 5 are shadeintolerant plants. The M4M4 and M5M5 populations have the lowest genetic diversity of all populations. The current global warming trend is placing new selective pressures on the species involved in these relationships. C. The group of mice fed the mutagen will show a greater ability to digest the food, because the higher genetic variation within the group makes it more likely that some individuals will have a combination of genes better adapted to the new food. This preview shows page 1 out of 1 page. AP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part A Copyright 2017. The College Board. These materials are part of a College Board program. Use or distribution of these materials online or in print beyond your schools participation in the program is prohibited. B. Consider the hypothetical molecule B - A = B. Populations M1 through M5 are located in Marion County. D. Start each population with bacteria that differ from one another by a single mutation to ensure that the initial genetic variation in all populations is known. No new mutations A_1=25 \mathrm{~mm}^2, \quad A_2=50 \mathrm{~mm}^2, \quad L_1=3 \mathrm{~m}, \\ z=ycos(xy),(2,2,2)z=y \cos (x-y), \quad(2,2,2)z=ycos(xy),(2,2,2), Write the electron configuration of the ion. AP Biology Scoring Guide Unit 7 Progress Check: MCQ Part A 1. Which of the following best describes what occurred during the periods indicated by the arrows? The genotypes BB and Bb result in dark-colored fur, the genotype bb results in light-colored fur. Which of the following student claims is best supported by the data provided? 3.6-9b) results. Which of the following best explains the phenotypic pattern in the moths over time? Which of the following best illustrates the change in the frequencies of the A and a alleles from generation 1 to generation 2 and to future generations, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is present after generation 1 ? Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. Even though the population has rebounded following restrictions on seal hunting, genetic variation is greatly reduced in the northern species compared to that in the southern species. Observed modern extinction rates will resemble the rates found early in previous extinctions. The increased air pollution of the nineteenth century due to the use of coal led to a darkening of surfaces from soot. However, the distance between the rigid walls to which the two bars are attached was measured incorrectly, so that a misalignment of \bar{\delta} (exaggerated in Fig. Some researchers claim that the decrease in plant species richness of this woodlot is unrelated to human activities over the last forty years. E_1=E_2=200 \mathrm{GPa}, \quad \alpha_1=\alpha_2=12 \times 10^{-6} /{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \\ The logging industry created vast meadow habitats for the sparrow in the late 1800s. The same species will be found in both static periods, but they will have different shell shapes. A. After 20 generations of allowing this population of about 1000 flies to mate randomly, 10 females and 10 males were isolated from the rest of the population. Webanswer choices. Select the best alternate hypothesis to support this claim. A. There will be no difference in the populations observed in the controlled fire sites and the rest of counties 5 and 6. A mixture of ribonucleotides such as adenine and uracil will spontaneously form single-stranded chains of RNA . D. The number of species present on Earth will equal the number of species on Earth after the last extinction. In an exercise to understand how genetically controlled physical traits could affect speciation, a theoretical population was imagined that contained organisms with three shapes and three levels of pigmentation, as illustrated in Figure 1. Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation. B. The same species will be found in both static periods, but the species in the second static period will have smaller shells due to the stress of undergoing rapid change. A scientist maintains a large population of the fruit fly Drosophila affinis in the laboratory.

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