In a plasma railgun, a short pulse of current is passed through a plasma located between two parallel electrodes, or "rails". In a plasma railgun, a voltage is applied so that current can flow through the flat rail electrodes. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Privacy Policy. -, magnetic fields to shield the interior of a gun barrels, AN ANALYTIC MODEL FOR THE COMPRESSION OF PLASMA TOROIDS. Something similar was tried in original Star Wars SDI, huge power load, completely useless in atmosphere. the railgun can launch projectiles much farther than the The electrode strikes a plasma arc to the target, creating a conductive path and emptying the capacitor into the target. 2023 The Nature Conservancy You can assume that any figures this gives are over-optimistic, but it isn't a bad upper-bound for coilgun performance. However, techniques including exploding foils, gas cell burst disk injection, neutral gas injection via fast gas valve, and plasma capillary injection have been employed. From here take a right onto Route 63 and travel 0.9 mile to arrive at Warwick Preserve access point. Ltd. All Rights Reserved. What's wrong with accelerating a metal slug beyond its melting point? Before that could happen, MARAUDER vanished into Classified Status. Some features of this site may not work without it. Charitable Solicitation Disclosures It will just ablate a thin layer of it. Engineering Project Ideas | The Marauder uses the same principle in firing the weapon, but instead of the slug, Marauders projectile is superheated, donut-shaped ionized gas particles: plasma. eject plasma at extremely high speeds (some plasma railguns are designed to fire projectiles, but testing has shown that solid armatures are more effective due to lower electrical resistances found in metals [4]). The Air Force has been at this game for decades, though, and its previous work is more advanced than anything coming out of the Navy Department, Russia, China or even Kim Jong Uns wildest dreams. Large boulders litter the forest floor below the rocky ridges creating habitat for snakes, porcupines and bobcats. You'd have to get it to impact and either lightly penetrate or adhere to the surface to sustain the arc for any appreciable length of time, yes. For a rough idea, you can use Luke Campbell's approximation for coilgun performance, which basically imagines the gun as a tube of energy in the form of the magnetic field, which is swept out by a projectile that turns it into kinetic energy. Which ability is most related to insanity: Wisdom, Charisma, Constitution, or Intelligence? Have bigger trouble hitting small target. | There is, however, no theoretical limit to barrel length or muzzle velocity, so if you want >10km/s you almost certainly want a coilgun. Coaxial accelerators use various techniques to mitigate this instability. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? What is the symbol (which looks similar to an equals sign) called? What are your thoughts on the project MARAUDER plasma railgun? No hunting on the southern portion of the preserve (Warwick parcel). Flying Pig Antiques | Westmoreland NH - Facebook We'll give your coilgun an efficiency of 99.9%, and half the wastage goes to heating up the projectile again. Online Courses for Kids Come enjoy the rolling countryside 4 mile course, we are now celebrating our 20th annual event! 24 Apr 2013 | Posted by Member 30298028. Check your spam folder if you do not receive it. Ruth, George, and Louise enjoyed hiking around their Butterfield Hill property. In 1993, the Air Force Research Laboratory finally published an experiment in high-velocity plasma projectile weapons. He describes two promising approaches which are based on demonstrated technology. ;). However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionized, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. I remain unconvinced that the principle has any potential as a weapon that can compete against solid or explosive projectiles. Plasma technologies promising for Space and Hypersonic propulsion Gentle acceleration up to 100km/s over 100m doesn't have to liquidize your bullet. | Final Year Projects for Engineering Students In 1993, the Air Force Research Laboratory finally published an experiment in high-velocity plasma projectile weapons. Still not quite good enough for the satellite-based weapon that MARAUDER was meant to bebut pretty solid for ground-based combat. What should I follow, if two altimeters show different altitudes? It revolved around firing electromagnetically contained plasma out of a railgun encased in a toroidal (donut shaped) container. A coaxial railgun has one rail as a cylindrical shell encircling the other rail. In coaxial plasma railguns, the electrodes are concentric. Mount Vernon High School (Fortville, Indiana), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marauder&oldid=1131569989, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, "The Marauders", a 1983 song by Tears for Fears, B-side to ", Marauders, synthetic creatures derived from, This page was last edited on 4 January 2023, at 19:22. Existing knowledge of coaxial railgun plasma instabilities and material interactions at vacuum and plasma interfaces are applied to the design. Plasma is good against EVERYTHING - Hull AND shield - with big damage (with few exception), but since the travel time is slow, effective range is poor. Kinda important factors You might want to research fusion reactors. for example, scramble or disable a random part of a, The containing should last for 10 secs, max, A small, extremely-highly-compressed canister of carrier gas, A bullet design that becomes a nozzle on impact (hollow-. Could a mass-proportional physical speed limit on projectiles "nerf" guns but not ruin archery? After graduating from Boston University in 1904, Dr. Warwick and her first husband, Dr. Coles, operated a TB sanitarium in West Keene. After observing an extensive clear-cutting operation on Butterfield Hill near their home, Ruth urged George to acquire the 36-acre parcel to preserve the beautifully wooded section of the hill. 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Donations are tax-deductible as allowed by law. [1], Magneto-inertial fusion seeks to implode a magnetized D-T fusion target using a spherically symmetric, collapsing, conducting liner. In this sci-fi world, plasma weapons are somewhat abundant in special forces, as their ammunition can be stored in smaller spaces, and in large quantities, but I ran into a problem regarding confinement: can be created quickly. They are of value because they produce muzzle velocities of up to several hundreds of kilometers per second. Realistic Rounds for Penetrating advanced body armor? https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARAUDER Essentially its a still classified US military project aiming to develop a railgun capable of firing 0.5-2.0 mg toroids of plasma at up to 3% light speed. Plasma railguns are electromagnetic accelerators used to produce controlled high velocity plasma jets. Featured photo: Shiva Star at theAir Force Research Laboratoryat Kirtland Air Force Base. Requesting that Material be Amended or Removed. Beneath that you have fabric mesh surrounding the vehicle's inner hull that is tear resistant and some sort of self repair that will auto-fill any hole that is made. Build using online tutorials. Would My Planets Blue Sun Kill Earth-Life? But the muzzle velocity is sqrt(2 * barrelLength * acceleration). Railguns, Coilguns, Helical Railguns, and Helical Coil - Reddit It revolved around firing electromagnetically contained plasma out of a railgun encased in a toroidal (donut shaped) container. It was named MARAUDER or magnetically accelerated ring to achieve ultrahigh directed energy and radiation.. Some references here about the American navy, but it is so far behind. Plasma railguns are being evaluated as a possible method of implosion linear formation for fusion. the #1 use for a weapon like this would most likely be ballistic missile defense, shooting down ICBMs or other strategic weapons. These are laser powered, and the shock waves due to the sudden acceleration heat the pellet substantially before it hits the center. is able to confine plasma with minimal losses. A 30mm projectile would let you fit your 100km/s gun into the original 100m length limit, but: You could use a fat, low-density sabot which drives a thin dense projectile, but the sabot represents parasitic weight that eats into the kinetic-energy budget of the narrow penetrator. All proceeds help support the Westmoreland PTA and their great programming for the students and teachers of Westmoreland! Plasma railguns are capable of producing controlled jets of given densities and velocities ranging from at least peak densities 1e13 to 1e16 particles/m^3 with velocities from 5 to 200 km/s dependent on device design configuration and operating parameters. Heat the projectile enough, and you have a diffuse and ever-expanding cloud of metal vapor, which is much less useful as an offensive weapon. Fire rate will therefore be limited, and ultimate velocity will also be limited by your ability to a) quench your coils fast enough and b) cool them fast enough afterwards to fire the gun again. In a plasma railgun, a short pulse of current is passed through a plasma located between two parallel electrodes, or "rails". The plasma is confined between the bullet and the magnetic field pushing on it. Mr. Parsons was a perfectionist in his plans he and his crew have done our lawn maintenance for the past 3 years and it looks awesome. If technology was developed to fix this it might affect the acceleration speed. (Picture of a Nixie tube by Hellbus. The system shown on our data is a relatively low velocity device within the building capability of most hobbyists. Dr. Coles died in the 1917 flu epidemic. While most of New Hampshire tends to have acidic soils, the calcium-rich bedrock in Westmoreland has resulted in rich, alkaline soils that provide habitat for a diversity of plant life that is uncommon in the state. You can start for free today! It only takes a minute to sign up. Magneto-inertial fusion seeks to implode a magnetized D-T fusion target using a spherically-symmetric, collapsing, conducting liner. The approach of creating the plasma on contact. Bulldog 4 Fun Run/Walk Episode about a group who book passage on a space ship controlled by an AI, who turns out to be a human who can't leave his ship? Experiments aimed to further the understanding of these interactions require the generation of plasmas with specified properties at very high velocities. So a 100 meter barrel would have a speed of about 7900 meters per second. How many gs could a coilgun or railgun shell withstand? Railgun | Military Wiki | Fandom It only takes a minute to sign up. A tokamak is essentially an infinitely long rail/coil gun that produces a magnetic containment vessel for a super-heated plasma. It is worth noting that at that speed the projectile exceeds orbital velocity at Low Earth Orbit. The Railgun - SP's Aviation The strength of the magnetic field is limited by a bunch of inconvenient things. A 100m railgun might not, in fact, be 10 times faster than a 10m railgun, if it wanted to stay in one piece after firing. The Warwick Preserve was established when TNC received a 36-acre donation from Dr. Ruth Warwick and her daughter Louise Hunninen in 1964. An asynchronous coilgun relies on the projectile having a certain bunch of properties (you need to induce a current in it, to provide a magnet field for the main gun coils to push against), and a coilgun with superconducting projectiles needs the projectiles to remain superconducting, and so they have to stay below their critical temperature, etc. We use cookies to offer you a better browsing experience. (Note that there will be other limits to projectile temperature superconducting projectiles musn't be heated above their critical temperature, for example, and that'll be a lot lower than their melting point: ~300K for a scifi "room temperature" superconductor, for example. | Privacy Policy TIL Project MARAUDER, a coaxial plasma railgun powered by the SHIVA STAR capacitor bank, was designed by the USAF and capable of " [producing] doughnut shaped rings of plasma and balls of lightning that exploded with devastating effects when hitting its target." It was classified in 1993. en.wikipedia.org 540 30 comments Add a Comment AGM Landscaping. Landscaping Company - Porch Resources for Engineering Students | Did you mean to type He created a simple electric cannon, which caught the attention of the French military who were seeking a weapon that . Get started today! Mobile Terms & Conditions Thank you! [1] What kind of protection system could be used against railguns? @PcMan right, silly mistake. We can now have a maximum muzzle energy of more like 1.2GJ, which for a 200g round gives us a muzzle velocity of nearly 110km/s. A plasma railgun is a linear accelerator which, like a projectile railgun, uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a "sliding short" armature.However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionized, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material.Scientific plasma railguns are typically operated in vacuum and not at air pressure. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. | Technical Resources MARAUDER estimated that by the year 2000, they could increase the shot velocity to $10,000km/s$. Maybe the same function might be achieved some other way. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. ', referring to the nuclear power plant in Ignalina, mean? It is noted that conventional plasma armature railguns are limited to velocities of 6-8 km/s by arc restrike. In either design, a plasma armature is formed at the breech. The experiment which was performed to confirm the properties of the plasma jets produced by the coaxial plasma railgun is explained. While Vladimir Putin is busy touting Russias newest line of hypersonic weapons he is seemingly whipping the world into a frenzy about missiles flying past early warning systems. Specific elements of the design are examined and the inherent physical and material difficulties of a coaxial design are explored. Wouldn't this approach only create plasma for a tiny fraction of a second? There's no free lunch to be had here! Similar principles apply for plasma railguns. What's the intended of use of the few milligrams of plasma confined within the bullet? | Why is it shorter than a normal address? 'Marauder' was the US military's first plasma railgun - and it might That last issue was the real sticking point. one report published just over a decade after, Marauder was the US militarys first plasma railgun and it might have worked. What is this brick with a round back and a stud on the side used for? A device known as a plasma railgun can be used to produce plasmas which meet these experimental demands. | About Us It is one of several United States Government efforts to develop plasma-based projectiles. Checkout our latest projects and start learning for free. Learn More. The bolts would also send out heat, potentially superheated metal shards, and an electromagnetic pulse that would scramble unshielded electronics. Rank amateurs. Depends on your skill/preference. However, in a plasma railgun, the armature and ejected projectile consists of plasma, or hot, ionised, gas-like particles, instead of a solid slug of material. Plasma gets more electrically conductive as it heats up, and your bullet stays in the barrel so little time, the plasma won't conduct much heat to the bullet. Is it possible for a spheromak to maintain itself at high speeds under atmospheric conditions? Yet in scifi it is quite possible to have an uber plasma railgun that just kills missiles when they get too close. The design of individual gun components is detailed. The Navy even developed the ability to fire multiple-shot salvos but neither service has effectively fielded a weapon. The near-term solution is some form of circuit arrangement which eliminates current . That speed makes it about 2,394 m/s. Which was the first Sci-Fi story to predict obnoxious "robo calls"? The plasma accelerator fires instantly, but the projectile is slow. A railgun is an electrically powered electromagnetic projectile launcher based on similar principles to the homopolar motor. After graduating from Boston University in 1904, Dr. Warwick and her first husband, Dr. Coles, operated a TB sanitarium in West Keene. If you continue to use this site, you consent to use all cookies. That said, this would require a much bigger power source, that would sustain for a longer acceleration. Identify blue/translucent jelly-like animal on beach. It is hoped that the work at the University of Texas described in these papers . What're the weight and dimensions of the slug? Please try enabling cookies. Open in Maps, Explore our work in However, your browser doesn't appear to allow cookies by default. Please enter a valid email address (formatted as name@company.com). This is obviously bad for your hopes and dreams. Unfortunately, George died in 1933 and Ruth returned to Boston in 1938 to set up a medical practice to support herself and her daughter. The limit is 'cee' . That's a bit better, but remember: this is a maximum, regardless of anything else like barrel length, or field strength, or projectile weight. Skyfi Labs helps students learn practical skills by building real-world projects. | Robotics for Kids The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Railgun are less accurate, can fire from a longer range, do less damage against shield, have an average bigger dps. What's interesting about a Compact Toroid, however, is that they are capable of maintaining structural stability for a fraction of a second after release from the external magnetic fields that created it. Re-arranging F=ma, you get a=F/m, no mention of distance. JavaScript is disabled for your browser. It was named "MARAUDER" - or "magnetically accelerated ring to achieve ultrahigh directed energy and radiation.". The railgun has less ammo, but a little higher damage and (correct me if I'm wrong) it's better to shoot out subsystems. Peak line-integrated electron number densities of approximately 8 10. A chemical gun benefits from a longer barrel because the expanding gases have longer to do their thing. With a 10 meter barrel, we get about 2500 meters per second. |. Ultimately, the limit is going to be keeping the bullet solid as you push on it. You'll also get much more rail damage per shot for a much faster railgun, making firing multiple rounds problematic. At these magnetic field strengths (100T is currently achievable on the relevant timescale), you can exert enough force to crush most solid objects. Worldbuilding Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for writers/artists using science, geography and culture to construct imaginary worlds and settings. A plasma-projectile shooting railgun is basically an armature that converts to plasma ('transitioning' armatures are also a thing and have been considered as a bridge between plasma armatures and solid/hybrid armature railguns, in fact) which is what Wikipedia describes (although the velocities are an order of magnitude less than what Shiva @KareemElashmawy The vast bulk of what I said can be found in the wiki article I linked at the very start of the post. What does 'They're at four. Allow that bolt of plasma to break out, and you have a really potent weapon. | FAQs Please wait while we submit your question/message. Little is known about it after 1993 because it swiftly Classified Status. One way to do this would be by using superconducting coils and heat them to drop the superconductivity (sometimes known as a quench gun) but that'll turn the field energy into heat, and lots of it. It's not them. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. @RossPresser but really what will happen is that if your gun pumps enough eneergy into the round to melt it, it'll almost certainly pump enough energy into it to at least partially boil it, and it'll go bang. No one has heard a thing about the program since 1995. The plasma is accelerated until it leaves the muzzle of the railgun. Plasma railguns are being evaluated for applications in magnetic confinement fusion for disruption mitigation and tokamak refueling. After armature formation, the plasmoid is then accelerated down the length of the railgun by a current pulse driven through one electrode, through the armature, and out the other electrode, creating a large magnetic field behind the armature. Jet velocity and density are characterized by analyzing diagnostic data collected from a Rogowski coil, interferometer, and photodiode. BATH, Maine The U.S. Navy has pulled the plug, for now, on a futuristic weapon that fires projectiles at up to seven times the speed of sound using electricity. or 8,654 km/hr. Similar principles apply for plasma railguns. Project MARAUDER Developed by Phillips Laboratory. You might be able to hold it magnetically in the gun, but the instant it leaves the barrel you've now got rapidly cooling nothing. How could dragons effectively use their wings as weapons in ground combat? Yeah, I never understood how you're supposed to get the plasma to stay plasma once you fire it.

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